Chitosan/bioactive glass nanoparticle composite membranes for periodontal regen...

• Author(s): Mota, Joana ; Yu, Na ; Caridade, S. G. ; Luz, Gisela ; Gomes, Manuela E. ; Reis, R. L. ; Jansen, John A. ; Walboomers, X. Frank ; Mano, J. F.
• Date: 2012
• Persistent ID: http://hdl.handle.net/1822/24881
• Origin: RepositóriUM - Universidade do Minho
• Subject(s): Biomaterials; Tissue engineering; Guided tissue regeneration; Chitosan; Nanoparticles
• Document Type: Article
• Language: English

Description

Barrier membranes are used in periodontal applications with the aim of supporting periodontal regeneration by physically blocking migration of epithelial cells. The present work proposes a combination of chitosan (CHT) with bioactive glass nanoparticles (BG-NPs) in order to produce a novel guided tissue and bone regeneration membrane, fabricated by solvent casting. The CHT/BG-NP nanocomposite membranes are characterized in terms of water uptake, in mechanical tests, under simulated physiological conditions and in in vitro bioactivity tests. The addition of BG-NPs to CHT membranes decreased the mechanical potential of these membranes, but on the other hand the bioactivity improved. The membranes containing the BG-NPs induced the precipitation of bone-like apatite in simulated body fluid (SBF). Biological tests were carried out using human periodontal ligament cells and human bone marrow stromal cells. CHT/BG-NP composite membranes promoted cell metabolic activity and mineralization. The results indicate that the CHT/BG-NP composite membrane could potentially be used as a temporary guided tissue regeneration membrane in periodontal regeneration, with the possibility to induce bone regeneration.