Author(s):
Cox, S. F. J. 
; Lord, J. S. ; Cottrell, S. P. ; Gil, J. M. ; Alberto, H. V. ; Piroto Duarte, J. ; Vilão, R. C. ; Keeble, D. J. ; Davis, E. A. ; Keren, A. ; Scheuermann, R. ; Stoykov, A. ; Charlton, M. ; van der Werf, D. P. ; Gavartin, J.
Date: 2006
Persistent ID: http://hdl.handle.net/10316/4408
Origin: Estudo Geral - Universidade de Coimbra
Subject(s): Muonium; Hydrogen doping
Description
A new survey of muonium states brings the total of binary non-magnetic oxides studied to 30, with normal muonium--the interstitially trapped atomic state--found in 15 of these. The number of shallow-donor states of the type known in ZnO now also totals 15, but there are hints of several others. Tantalizingly, the shallow-donor and deep-atomic states are found to coexist in several of the candidate high-permittivity dielectrics. Highly anisotropic states, resembling anomalous muonium in semiconductors and including examples of muonium trapped at oxygen vacancies, complete a spectrum of hyperfine parameters covering five powers of ten. Effective ionization temperatures range from 10 K for shallow to over 1000 K for deep states, with corresponding activation energies between several meV and several eV. The oxide band gap emerges as a parameter controlling the systematics of the deep-to-shallow transition for muonium and, by inference, monatomic hydrogen. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVH-4HYV078-K/1/89f7584f76f4b62f6fa92e3c5a7d121b
