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Analysis of the Cochrane Review: Multimedia Educational Interventions for Consu...

Understanding of the relevant information is especially important in the area of drug treatment, to guarantee an appropriate and rational use of medications by patients. The relevant information must be delivered in a way that patients understand all aspects of the treatment regimen they are taking. In this systematic review the authors analyzed a set of studies on the effectiveness of multimedia educational in...

Analysis of the Cochrane Review: Direct Thrombin Inhibitors versus Vitamin K An...

Ischemic stroke is one of the most important complications of lone (non-valvular) atrial fibrillation. Its prevention is usually accomplished through oral anticoagulation. Until a few years ago warfarin was the most used agent, but recently two new pharmacologic classes have been introduced for stroke prevention in these patients: oral direct thrombin inhibitors (dabigatran and ximelagatran) and oral factor Xa ...

Cochrane Corner: Terapêutica combinada e alternada com paracetamol e ibuprofeno...

Análise da Revisão Cochrane: Anticoagulação versus Placebo em Doentes com Insuf...

Os eventos trombóticos e embólicos contribuem para a morbilidade e mortalidade associada à Insuficiência Cardíaca Crónica (IC). Diferentemente da associação da fibrilhação auricular (FA) com IC, em que o benefício da anticoagulação está bem documentada, a utilização desta classe farmacoterapêutica naqueles que se apresentam em ritmo sinusal (sem história pregressa de FA) é discutível. Nesta revisão sistemática ...

Indicadores (Outcomes) Primários e Secundários em Ensaios Clínicos Oncológicos:...

Introdução: A prova de eficácia de uma intervenção terapêutica em oncologia consegue-se através de ensaios clínicos rigorosamente conduzidos. Um dos factores metodológicos mais importantes é a selecção de indicadores clínicos de eficácia (outcomes), necessários ao cálculo das chamadas medidas de associação que permitem a definição de eficácia terapêutica.Material e Métodos: Foi feita uma revisão narrativa basea...

Imuno-estimulantes na prevenção de infeções respiratórias em crianças

What is the Benefit of Salt Reduction on Blood Pressure? Assessment of the Coch...

In the present article we evaluate and comment the systematic review from Cochrane Collaboration “Effect of longer-term modest salt reduction on blood pressure. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Apr 30;4:CD004937”.Clinical Question: What is the impact of long-term (≥ 4 weeks) modest salt (sodium chloride) reduction on arterial blood pressure?Conclusions: This systematic review concluded that a moderate reduction...

Analysis of the Cochrane Review: Antibiotics for Acute Otitis Media in Children...

Acute otitis media is one of the most common infections in children and one of the leading causes for antibiotic prescription. In this paper, we assess and comment the Cochrane systematic review 'Antibiotics for acute otitis media in children', which aimed at assessing the efficacy and safety of antibiotics for acute otitis media in children and identifying subgroups of children who might benefit more than othe...

Generalization of the results of clinical studies through the analysis of subgr...

Subgroup analysis in clinical trials are usually performed to define the potential heterogeneity of treatment effect in relation with the baseline risk, physiopathology, practical application of therapy or the under-utilization in clinical practice of effective interventions due to uncertainties of its benefit/risk ratio. When appropriately planned, subgroup analysis are a valid methodology the define benefits ...

Clinical effectiveness and economical evaluation of preventive vaccination.

The value of mass vaccination as a preventive measure for infectious diseases is one of the most important advances of modern Medicine. The impact on incidence of several infectious diseases, until recently responsible for significant morbidity and mortality at world level, is well proved in a series of high quality epidemiological studies. In this scientific review we aimed firstly to briefly resume the histor...