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Wind and solar curtailment
Lew, Debra; Bird, Lori; Milligan, Michael; Speer, Bethany; Wang, Xi; Carlini, Enrico M.; Estanqueiro, Ana; Flynn, Damian; Gomez-Lázaro, E.High penetrations of wind and solar generation on power systems are resulting in increasing curtailment. Wind and solar integration studies predict increased curtailment as penetration levels grow. This paper examines experiences with curtailment on bulk power systems internationally. It discusses how much curtailment is occurring, how it is occurring, why it is occurring, and what is being done to reduce curta...
Dynamic models of wind farms for power system studies: status by IEA Wind R&D A...
Tande, John O.; Muljadi, Eduard; Carlson, Ola; Pierik, Jan; Estanqueiro, Ana; Sorensen, Poul; O'Malley, Mark; Mullane, Alan; Anaya-Lara, OlimpoDynamic models of wind farms for power system studies are at present not a standard feature of many software tools, but are being developed by research institutes, universities and commercial entities. Accurate dynamic wind farm models are critical; hence model validation is a key issue and taken up by IEA Wind R&D Annex 21. This international working group includes participants from nine countries, and has sin...
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