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Hydrolysis of caprine and ovine milk proteins, brought about by aspartic peptid...
Cavalli, Sandra Vairo; Silva, Sofia V.; Cimino, Cecilia; Malcata, F. Xavier; Priolo, NoraThe flowers of cardoon (Asteraceae) are a rich source of aspartic peptidases which possess milk clotting activity – and are thus used in traditional cheesemaking in the Iberian Peninsula. This study was aimed at characterizing the enzymatic action of the aspartic peptidases present in flowers of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. (Asteraceae), specifically upon degradation of caseins. The proteolytic activities towa...
Studies pertaining to coagulant and proteolytic activities of plant proteases f...
Silva, Sofia V.; Malcata, F. XavierStudies encompassing variation of milk clotting time with the concentration of proteases extracted from Cynara cardunculus were performed; milk clotting time dependence is not linear, and a model was postulated that fits well the experimental data obtained, and hence may be useful in predicting changes during the cheesemaking process. Parallel studies were also conducted pertaining to proteolysis of a mixture o...
Caseins as source of bioactive peptides
Silva, Sofia V.; Malcata, F. XavierBiologically active peptides are of particular interest in food science and nutrition because they have been shown to play physiological roles, including opioid-like features, as well as immunostimulating and anti-hypertensive activities, and ability to enhance calcium absorption. Hidden or inactive in the amino-acid sequence of dairy proteins, they can be released or activated in vivo during gastrointestinal d...
Comparative studies on the gelling properties of cardosins extracted from Cynar...
Silva, Sofia V.; Allmere, Toomas; Malcata, F. Xavier; Anders; A.A comparative study was developed on the clottingactivities and gelling properties of cardosins A and B, extracted from dried flowers of Cynara cardunculus, and chymosin on cow’s skim milk, at various pH values. The determination of the total milk-clotting activity was performed followingan international standard, whereas a rheometer was employed to measure the viscoelastic properties of the gels subsequently f...
Quantitative studies on the enzymatic hydrolysis of milk proteins brought about...
Barros, Rui M.; Ferreira, Carla A. Ferreira; Silva, Sofia V. Silva; Malcata, F. XavierHydrolysis of whey proteins may produce peptide mixtures with better functional properties than the original protein mixture, viz. higher solubilites and lower allergenic effects. Cynara cardunculus is a wild plant that possesses (aspartic) proteases in its flower cells; those enzymes exhibit general proteolytic and specific milk clotting activities, which are rather useful in traditional cheesemaking. This stu...
Action of cardosin A from Cynara humilis on ovine and caprine caseinates
Silva, Sofia V.; Malcata, F. XavierIn the Iberian Peninsula, the proteinases present in the flowers of members of the Cynara genus, C. cardunculus, C. humilis and C. scolymus, have for many years been successfully used in the manufacture of traditional cheeses from ovine and/or caprine milk on individual farms (Vieira de Sá & Barbosa, 1972; Trujillo et al. 1994). In Portugal, C. cardunculus is the species most frequently employed. Although comme...
Comparative catalytic activity of two plant proteinases upon caprine caseins in...
Silva, Sofia V.; Malcata, F. XavierThe proteolytic activities of cardosins A and B, two (plant) proteinases from Cynara cardunculus, toward caprine caseins, independently, or in the presence of each other as Na-caseinate, were studied in a comparative fashion using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography. The electrophoretic degradation patterns of both αs- and β-casein, brought about by the c...
On the activity and specificity of cardosin B, a plant proteinase, on ovine cas...
Silva, Sofia V.; Malcata, F. XavierThe proteolytic activity of cardosin B, an aspartic proteinase from the thistle, Cynara cardunculus, on ovine αs-caseins and β-caseins (independently or present together in sodium caseinate) was followed by urea polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography. This enzyme degraded both types of caseins, but not to the same degree. In sodium-caseinate, by 10 h at 30°C...
Proteolysis of ovine caseins by cardosin A, an aspartic acid proteinase from Cy...
Silva, Sofia V.; Malcata, F. XavierThe breakdown of as -caseins and ~-caseins (in the form of as -caseins, the form of ~-caseins, and the form of a mixture of as- and ~-caseins in Na-caseinate) by cardosin A, one of the major two proteinases present in the flowers of Cynara cardunculus L., was experimentally studied via urea polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. In Na-caseinate, as- and ~-caseins were degraded up to 46 and 76 %, respectively, by 1...
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