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Oral Contraceptive Use and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

Experimental and clinical data suggest a role of sex steroids in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). Scant information is available about the potential effect of oral contraceptive (OC) use on the prognosis of the disease. We aimed to evaluate this. The study population consisted of 132 women with relapsing-remitting MS before receiving disease modifying treatment and a mean disease duration 6.2 (SD 5....

Influence of Apolipoprotein E Plasma Levels and Tobacco Smoking on the Inductio...

Interferon-beta (IFN-beta) therapy for multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with a potential for induction of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs). Because immune reactivity depends on changes in lipoprotein metabolism, we investigated whether plasma lipoprotein profiles could be associated with the development of NAbs. Thirty-one female MS patients treated with subcutaneously administered IFN-beta were included. De...

Statins for Multiple Sclerosis

Therapeutic Potential of Lovastatin in Multiple Sclerosis

Mitochondrial encephalomyopathies.

Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathies are primary disorders of energy metabolism recently described. They are the result of mitochondrial abnormalities with a wide spectrum of syndromes implying a multisystemic but predominantly muscular and cerebral involvement. Biochemical, histological, imagiologic and clinical features of the three well known mitochondrial syndromes (MERRF, MELAS and KSS) are described, as well...

A Neurociência e o Ensino Médico

Efectua-se uma breve síntese histórica documentando a génese e desenvolvimento da Neurociência. Analisam-se, em particular, os progressos a nível molecular e suas implicações para a prática clínica. Com base nestes considerandos históricos é discutida a filosofia geral, que deverá presidir à elaboração dos programas e à metodologia do ensino da Neurociência em Medicina. Conclui-se, sublinhando a necessidade de ...

Neuroscience and medical instruction.

The historical origins and developments of neuroscience are shortly revised. The recent advances at the molecular level and its relevance for clinical practice are emphasized. The general content of the programs and methods of neuroscience teaching in medicine are briefly discussed. It is concluded that neuroscience education in medicine must be expanded and reorganized in this country both at undergraduate and...

Gangliosides in neurobiology.

Gangliosides are glycosphingolipids with important implications for cellular differentiation, development and function of the nervous system. Ganglioside concentrations and patterns change with the animal species, ontogenetic developmental stage and the type of cell and area of the nervous system. Major metabolic pathways are revised and potential mechanism for the functional implications of gangliosides are di...