This study evaluated whether the effect of tiotropium on the change in trough forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1), vs. placebo, is affected by smoking status. In a 3-month, double-blind study in 31 centres in Portugal, 311 (289 completed) patients were randomised to tiotropium 18 microg once daily or placebo. Baseline mean (standard deviation (SD)) FEV1 was 1.11 (0.39) l in the tiotropium group and 1.13 (0.39...
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