Encontrados 30 documentos, a visualizar página 1 de 3
Brain activation of the defensive and appetitive survival systems in obsessive ...
Gon??alves, ??scar F.; Soares, Jos?? Miguel; Carvalho, Sandra; Leite, Jorge; Gon??alves, Ana Fernandes; Frank, Brandon; Pocinho, MargaridaSeveral studies have shown that basic emotions are responsible for a significant enhancement of early visual processes and increased activation in visual processing brain regions. It may be possible that the cognitive uncertainty and repeated behavioral checking evident in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is due to the existence of abnormalities in basic survival circuits, particularly those associated with ...
Why do only some institutionalized children become indiscriminately friendly? I...
Soares, Isabel; Belsky, Jay; Mesquita, Ana Raquel Marcelino; Osório, Ana Alexandra Caldas; Sampaio, AdrianaUncorrected proof ; Why do some institutionalized children develop indiscriminate behavior (IB) while others do not? Consid- ering children with Williams syndrome (WS) may provide an answer because IB has been observed routinely among individuals with this rare genetic neurodevelopmental dis- order. By conceiving WS as a natural genetic model that mimics the indiscriminate phenotype and, more impor- tantly, is...
Stress impact on resting state brain networks
Soares, José Miguel; Sampaio, Adriana; Ferreira, Luís Miguel; Santos, Nadine Correia; Marques, Fernanda; Palha, Joana Almeida; Cerqueira, JoãoResting state brain networks (RSNs) are spatially distributed large-scale networks, evidenced by resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies. Importantly, RSNs are implicated in several relevant brain functions and present abnormal functional patterns in many neuropsychiatric disorders, for which stress exposure is an established risk factor. Yet, so far, little is known about the effect ...
Posterior cortical atrophy and Alzheimer’s disease : a meta-analytic review of ...
Alves, Jorge; Soares, José Miguel; Sampaio, Adriana; Gonçalves, Óscar F.This paper presents the first systematic review and meta-analysis of neuropsychological and brain morphometry studies comparing posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) to typical Alzheimer's disease (tAD). Literature searches were conducted for brain morphometry and neuropsychological studies including a PCA and a tAD group. Compared to healthy controls (HC), PCA patients exhibited significant decreases in temporal, o...
Brain correlates of pro-social personality traits : a voxel-based morphometry s...
Coutinho, Joana; Sampaio, Adriana; Ferreira, Miguel; Soares, José Miguel; Óscar F., GonçalvesOf the five personality dimensions described by the Big Five Personality Model (Costa and McCrae 1992), Extraversion and Agreeableness are the traits most commonly associated with a pro-social orientation. In this study we tested whether a pro-social orientation, as expressed in terms of Extraversion and Agreeableness, is associated with a specific grey matter phenotype. Fifty-two healthy participants underwent...
Plasticity of resting state brain networks in recovery from stress
Marques, Fernanda; Palha, Joana Almeida; Cerqueira, Jo??o; Soares, Jos?? Miguel; Sousa, Nuno; Santos, Nadine Correia; Marques, Paulo C??sar Gon??alvesChronic stress has been widely reported to have deleterious impact in multiple biological systems. Specifically, structural and functional remodeling of several brain regions following prolonged stress exposure have been described; importantly, some of these changes are eventually reversible. Recently, we showed the impact of stress on resting state networks (RSNs), but nothing is known about the plasticity of ...
Psycholinguistic abilities of children with Williams syndrome
Rossi, Natalia F.; Heinze, Elena Garayzábal; Giacheti, Célia M.; Gonçalves, Óscar F.; Sampaio, AdrianaThe objective of this study was to investigate the psycholinguistic abilities of children with Williams syndrome (WS) and typically developing children using the Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abilities (ITPA). Performance on the ITPA was analysed in a group with WS (N = 20, mean age = 8.5 years, SD = 1.62) and two typically developing groups, matched in mental (MA, N = 20, mean age = 4.92 years, SD = 1.14) ...
Uncommon genetic syndromes and narrative production - Case Studies with William...
Garayzábal Heinze, Elena; Capo, Magdalena; Moruno Lopéz, Esther; Gonçalves, Óscar F.; Férnandez, Montserrat; Lens, María; Sampaio, AdrianaThis study compares narrative production among three syndromes with genetic microdeletions: Williams syndrome (WS), Smith-Magenis syndrome (SMS), and Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS), characterized by intellectual disabilities and relatively spared language abilities. Our objective is to study the quality of narrative production in the context of a common intellectual disability. To elicit a narrative production, th...
Domain-specific and generalization effects of cognitive intervention in diffuse...
Alves, Jorge; Magalhães, Rosana; Castiajo, Paula; Sampaio, Adriana; Gonçalves, Óscar F.; Arantes, MavildeThe neurobehavioral sequelae of traumatic brain injury significantly contribute to the longterm disability associated with this pathology.1 Thus far, there is insufficient evidence for either domainspecific or generalization effects resulting from cognitive intervention in memory, executive functioning, or speed-of-processing domains. Here, we report on the case of an adolescent patient who reduced the aforemen...
How executive functions are related to intelligence in Williams syndrome
Osório, Ana Alexandra Caldas; Cruz, Raquel; Sampaio, Adriana; Garayzábal Heinze, Elena; Martínez-Regueiro, Rocío; Gonçalves, Óscar F.; Carracedo, ÁngelWilliams syndrome is characterized by impairments in executive functions (EFs). However, it remains unknown how distinct types of EFs relate to intelligence in this syndrome. The present study analyzed performance on working memory, inhibiting and shifting, and its links to IQ in a sample of 17 individuals with WS, and compared them with a group of 17 typically developing individuals matched on chronological ag...
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