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Predation on roseate tern eggs by European starlings in the Azores
Neves, Verónica C.; Panagiotakopoulos, Sotirios; Ratcliffe, NormanPredation by the European starling (Sturnus vulgaris) was the main reason for roseate tern (Sterna dougallii) hatching failure on Vila islet, Azores, one of the species’ largest colonies in Europe. Observations showed that single or small groups of starlings were responsible for predation events and that tern nest defense against starlings was generally ineffective. Daily nest survival rate was 94.2% in 2002 an...
Towards an understanding of the interactions of Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanoso...
Azambuja,Patrícia; Ratcliffe,Norman A.; Garcia,Eloi S.This review outlines aspects on the developmental stages of Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma rangeli in the invertebrate host, Rhodnius prolixus. Special attention is given to the interactions of these parasites with gut and hemolymph molecules and the effects of the organization of midgut epithelial cells on the parasite development. The vector insect's permissiveness to T. cruzi, which develops in the vector...
The distribution of agglutinins and lytic activity against Trypanosoma rangeli ...
Gregório,Elisa A.; Ratcliffe,Norman A.Haemolymph, heads, salivary glands, crops, midguts, hindguts, and Malpighian tubules from Rhodnius prolixus and Triatoma infestans were extracted in phosphate or Tris buffer saline with calcium, and tested for agglutination and lytic activities by microtitration against both vertebrateerythrocytes and cultured epimatigote forms of Trypanosoma rangeli. Haemagglutination activity against rabbit erythrocytes was f...
Aspects of classification of Hemiptera hemocytes from six triatomine species
Azambuja,Patricia de; Garcia,Eloi S.; Ratcliffe,Norman A.The objective of this work was to characterize, and compare different morphological types of hemocytes of Rhodnius prolixus, Rhodnius, Rhodnius neglectus, Triatoma infestans, Panstrongylus megistus, and Dipetalogaster maximus. This information provides the basis for studying the cellular immune systems of these insects. Seven morphological hemocyte types wereidentified by phase-contrast microscopy: prohemocytes...
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