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Mitochondria and mammalian reproduction
Ramalho-Santos, J.; Amaral, SandraMitochondria are cellular organelles with crucial roles in ATP synthesis, metabolic integration, reactive oxygen species (ROS) synthesis and management, the regulation of apoptosis (namely via the intrinsic pathway), among many others. Additionally, mitochondria in different organs or cell types may have distinct properties that can decisively influence functional analysis. In terms of the importance of mitocho...
Evaluation of human sperm chromatin status after selection using a modified Dif...
Tavares, R. S.; Silva, A. F.; Lourenço, B.; Almeida-Santos, T.; Sousa, A. P.; Ramalho-Santos, J.Sperm chromatin/DNA damage can be measured by a variety of assays. However, it has been reported that these tests may lose prognostic value in Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) cycles when assessed in post-prepared samples, possibly due to the normalizing effect promoted by sperm preparation procedures. We have recently implemented a modified version of the Diff-Quik staining assay that allows for the eval...
Mitochondria functionality and sperm quality
Amaral, Alexandra; Lourenço, Bárbara; Marques, Mónica; Ramalho-Santos, J.Although mitochondria are best known for being the eukaryotic cell powerhouses, these organelles participate in various cellular functions besides ATP production, such as calcium homoeostasis, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the intrinsic apoptotic pathway and steroid hormone biosynthesis. The aim of this review was to discuss the putative roles of mitochondria in mammalian sperm function and how t...
UVB irradiation as a tool to assess ROS-induced damage in human spermatozoa
Amaral, S.; Redmann, K.; Sanchez, V.; Mallidis, C.; Ramalho-Santos, J.; Schlatt, S.One of the consequences of oxygen metabolism is the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which in a situation of imbalance with antioxidants can damage several biomolecules, compromise cell function and even lead to cellular death. The particularities of the sperm cell make it particularly vulnerable to ROS attack compromising its functionality, mirrored in terms of fertility outcome and making the study...
Dioxin-induced acute cardiac mitochondrial oxidative damage and increased activ...
Pereira, Susana P.; Pereira, Gonçalo C.; Pereira, Cláudia V.; Carvalho, Filipa S.; Cordeiro, Marília H.; Mota, Paula C.; Ramalho-Santos, J.The environmental dioxin 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is classified as a Group 1 human carcinogen and teratogenic agent.We hypothesize that TCDD-induced oxidative stress may also interfere with mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels (mitoKATP), which are known to regulate and to be regulated by mitochondrial redox state. We investigated the effects of an acute treatment of male Wistar rats...
Anterior positioning of sex chromosomes on the head of human sperm sorted using...
Alçada-Morais, Sofia; Sousa, Ana Paula; Paiva, Artur; Almeida-Santos, Teresa; Ramalho-Santos, J.The human ejaculate contains subpopulations of sperm with distinct properties. Human X- and Y-bearing sperm were separated with fluorescence activated cell sorting. To avoid the use of UV light the quantitative DNA dyes DRAQ5® and Dyecycle™ Vybrant® Violet were used. Sorting efficiency was similar for both dyes, but lower than what is usually obtained with the classical method involving Hoechst 33342 and UV lig...
Dual use of Diff-Quik-like stains for the simultaneous evaluation of human sper...
Sousa, AP; Tavares, RS; Velez de la Calle, JF; Figueiredo, H; Almeida, V; Almeida-Santos, T; Ramalho-Santos, JBACKGROUND: Sperm chromatin status and nuclear DNA damage can be detected using well-established assays. However, most techniques are time-consuming and/or involve elaborate protocols and equipment. We have recently developed a simple and fast method to monitor sperm chromatin status in field conditions using the Diff-Quik assay which is employed in fertility clinics to assess sperm morphology with standard bri...
Histopathological Effects of Hexavalent Chronium in Mouse Kidney
Oliveira, H.; Santos, T. M.; Ramalho-Santos, J.; Pereira, M. de LourdesNo abstract available. ; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00128-006-1014-y
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