Many factors are involved in determining the latitudinal and altitudinal spread of the important tick vector Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae) in Europe, as well as in changes in the distribution within its prior endemic zones. This paper builds on published literature and unpublished expert opinion from the VBORNET network with the aim of reviewing the evidence for these changes in Europe and discusses the many...
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6W6H-4TX33XB-1/2/609b7e7d0247810aab7cad1fae1f851b
A survey on the occurrence of ochratoxin A (OTA) in 41 bread samples was carried out in the Portuguese capital, Lisbon. Maize (5) and wheat bread (36) and 43 representative urine samples from the Lisbon region were assayed for OTA levels using immunoaffinity column cleanup (IAC) and HPLC with fluorimetric detection (LC-FD). The percentage of OTA-positive samples was slightly higher for maize bread (80%) than wh...
Ochratoxin A (OTA) remains one of the most important mycotoxins known, due to its ubiquitous occurrence, wide range of susceptible food commodities and observed toxic effects, in both animals and humans. The reported toxic effects include carcinogenic, nephrotoxic, teratogenic, neurotoxic and immunotoxic.
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin which possesses a variety of toxic effects, including enzyme inhibition, immunosuppression, teratogenicity, nephrotoxicity, and carcinogenicity. It is produced by fungi for which foodstuffs such as beans, cereals, fruits, and seeds constitute an ideal growing media. It has proven itself at least partly resistant to food processing methods, meaning it is also present in derived ...
The widespread contamination of foodstuffs and beverages by mycotoxins, such as ochratoxin A (OTA), has made the monitoring of human contamination levels essential. ; http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TCS-4RY6WKJ-1/1/4c16511b1a2109e4107233b7f0e3b98f
Urban and rural population exposure to ochratoxin A (OTA) in central zone of Portugal was investigated in three places: Coimbra, Verride and Ereira. ; http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T6P-4PYYTY1-6/1/d92ebdd35d9b9545c0b4cc338410924b
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10096-008-0579-2
Abstract The main goal of this work was determination of residues of the antibiotics ofloxacin (OFLO), norfloxacin (NOR), ciprofloxacin (CIPRO), and enrofloxacin (ENRO) in wastewater samples. The samples, after acidification to pH 4.5 and addition of EDTA, were extracted on an anion-exchange cartridge in tandem with an Oasis HLB cartridge. The LC–FD method, developed in previous studies, was based on applicati...
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a secondary fungal metabolite produced by several moulds, mainly by Aspergillus ochraceus, A. carbonarius, A. niger and by Penicillium verrucosum. The present work shows the results of comparative studies using different procedures for the analysis of OTA in maize bread samples. The studied analytical methods involved extraction with different volumes of PBS/methanol, different extraction ...
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