Biosensors have been prepared by modification of glassy carbon electrodes with functionalised multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) dispersed in the room temperature ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide (BmimNTF2) and with lipase cross-linked with glutaraldehyde. The biosensor was applied to the determination of olive oil triglycerides by cyclic voltammetry. A phosphate buff...
The effectiveness of immobilization of functionalized carbon nanotubes into chitosan using different cross-linking agents has been evaluated. The cross-linkers used were glyoxal (GO), glutaraldehyde (GA), epichlorohydrin (ECH), and 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide together with N-hydroxysuccinimide (EDC-NHS), and the nanotubes were retained on graphite epoxy resin composite electrodes. The nanotub...
Functionalised multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were cast on glassy carbon (GC) and carbon film electrodes (CFE), and were characterised electrochemically and applied in a glucose-oxidase-based biosensor. MWCNT-modified carbon film electrodes were then used to develop an alcohol oxidase (AlcOx) biosensor, in which AlcOx-BSA was cross-linked with glutaraldehyde and attached by drop-coating. The experimenta...
Carbon film electrodes have been characterised in the room temperature ionic liquids, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide (BmimNTF2), 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide, (BpyrNTF2) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate (BmimNO3), by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The electrochemical behaviour of the ionic liquids depended on ...
Two room temperature ionic liquids, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bistriflimide and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate, were employed for enzyme immobilization in a new sol-gel matrix and, for the first time, were successfully applied as electrolyte carriers in a biosensing system. The new sol-gel matrix, based on 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bistriflimide mixtures, did not crack...
The synthesis by electropolymerization, the characterization, and applications of poly(neutral red) (PNR), including as a redox mediator, are reviewed. PNR's high electrical conductivity and its redox characteristics have led to special applications of the polymer, and it has been used for the development of electrochemical and optical sensors. Moreover, the attractive properties of PNR allow it to be applied i...
Abstract Protective polymer coatings have been used to enhance the retention of enzymes in sol-gel films as immobilisation phases in electrochemical biosensors. Carbon film electrodes were electrochemically modified with poly(neutral red) (PNR). These electrodes were coated with oxysilane sol-gels incorporating glucose oxidase and an outer coating of carboxylated PVC (CPVC) or polyurethane (PU), with and witho...
Improved biosensors for acetaldehyde determination have been developed using a bienzymatic strategy, based on a mediator-modified carbon film electrode and co-immobilisation of NADH oxidase and aldehyde dehydrogenase. Modification of the carbon film electrode with poly(neutral red) mediator resulted in a sensitive, low-cost and reliable NADH detector. Immobilisation of the enzymes was performed using encapsulat...
The evaluation and characterization of a new glucose oxidase (GOx) electrochemical enzyme biosensors on a carbon film electrode support and using two types of sol-gel precursor mixture for enzyme immobilization was carried out in order to be employed as a short-time-use or as a disposable sensor. Carbon film electrodes were modified with films of CoHCF mediator by potential cycling. The sol-gel was prepared usi...
Abstract The polymer redox mediator, poly(neutral red) (PNR), has been synthesised and characterised electrochemically to investigate the best electropolymerisation and mediation conditions for application in enzyme biosensors and to clarify the mechanism of action. Neutral red was electropolymerised by potential cycling on carbon film electrode substrates by allowing the monomer to be oxidised during the full...
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