Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a major public-health problem worldwide. According to the World Health Organization there are 340 million new cases of bacterial and protozoal STIs (Gonorrhea, Syphilis, Chlamydia and Trichomoniasis) per year. The direct treatment costs and serious perinatal collateral damage caused by STIs represent hefty financial and social burdens, particularly in developing countr...
The 1,4-dihydropyridines OSI-1210, OSI-1211 (etaftoron), and OSI-3802 are compounds with similar chemical structure. They differ by the length of the alkoxyl chain in positions 3 and 5 of the dihydropyridine (DHP) ring and by their pharmacological action characteristics. However, as far as we know, a clear relationship between the effects of these compounds and the length of the alkoxyl chain in positions 3 and...
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T4P-4T193YB-5/2/8b89adb1a424a742b294db27ed9982c6
Previously mildronate, an aza-butyrobetaine derivative, was shown to be a cytoprotective drug, through its mechanism of action of inhibition of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1, thus protecting mitochondria from long-chain fatty acid accumulation and subsequent damage. Recently in an azidothymidine (AZT)-induced cardiotoxicity model in vivo (in mice), we have found mildronate's ability of protecting heart tissu...
Berberine [Natural Yellow 18, 5,6-dihydro-9,10-dimethoxybenzo(g)-1,3-benzodioxolo(5,6-a)quinolizinium] is an alkaloid present in plant extracts and has a history of use in traditional Chinese and Native American medicine. Because of its ability to arrest the cell cycle and cause apoptosis of several malignant cell lines, it has received attention as a potential anticancer therapeutic agent. Previous studies sug...
The effects of tetrandrine (6,6', 7,12-tetramethoxy-2, 2'-dimethyl-berbaman) on the mitochondrial function were assessed on oxidative stress, mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT), and bioenergetics of rat liver mitochondria. At concentrations lower than 100 nmol/mg protein, tetrandrine decreased the hydrogen peroxide formation, the extent of lipid peroxidation, the susceptibility to Ca2+-induced opening ...
The heart is one of the organs affected during the later stages of diabetes. Mitochondrial function has already been proposed to be affected during the course of diabetes. Nevertheless, little information is known concerning the impact of antioxidants in heart mitochondria of a milder model for diabetes, such as the Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rat, where mitochondrial function appears ameliorated. The objective of this ...
Renal disease associated with diabetes mellitus is a major problem among diabetic patients. The role of mitochondria in the pathogenesis of diabetes has received a large amount of attention in the last years, but many aspects of this subject are still poorly understood. In the present study, we studied the susceptibility of the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) on kidney mitochondria from the Goto-Kak...
The interference of glibenclamide, an antidiabetic sulfonylurea, with mitochondrial bioenergetics was assessed on mitochondrial ion fluxes (H+, K+, and Cl-) by passive osmotic swelling of rat liver mitochondria in K-acetate, KNO3, and KCl media, by O2 consumption, and by mitochondrial transmembrane potential (Deltapsi). Glibenclamide did not permeabilize the inner mitochondrial membrane to H+, but induced perme...
Cardiac dysfunction is associated with diabetes. It was previously shown that heart mitochondria from diabetic rats have a reduced calcium accumulation capacity. The objective of this work was to determine whether the reduction in calcium accumulation by cardiac mitochondria from diabetic rats is related to an enhanced susceptibility to induction of the mitochondrial permeability transition. Streptozotocin-indu...
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