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Turbidimetric and nephelometric flow analysis$econcepts and applications
Morais, Inês P. A.; V. Tóth, Ildikó V.; O. S. S. Rangel, AntónioA review on flow analysis with turbidimetric and nephelometric detection is presented. A brief discussion of the principles of turbidimetry and nephelometry is given. Particular emphasis is devoted to coupling different flow techniques (flow injection, sequential injection, multicommutation) to these detection techniques. Applications in environmental, pharmaceutical, biological, and food samples are summarized...
An overview on flow methods for the chemiluminescence determination of phosphorus
Morais, Inês P. A.; Tóth, Ildikó V.; Rangel, António O. S. S.A review on the flow analysis of phosphorus with chemiluminescence detection is presented. A brief discussion of the chemiluminescence principles and applications is given. Particular emphasis is devoted to coupling different flow techniques (flow injection, sequential injection, multicommutation, multisyringe flow injection, multi-pumping) to chemiluminescence detection. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic methods, mo...
Flow-through solid-phase based optical sensor for the multisyringe flow injecti...
Morais, Inês P.A.; Miró, Manuel; Manera, Matias; Estela, José Manuel; Cerdà, Víctor; Souto, M. Renata S.; Rangel, António O.S.S.In this work, a novel flow-through solid-phase based chemiluminescence (CL) optical sensor is described for the trace determination of orthophosphate in waters exploiting the multisyringe flow injection analysis (MSFIA) concept with multicommutation. The proposed time-based injection flow system relies upon the in-line derivatisation of the analyte with ammonium molybdate in the presence of vanadate, and the tr...
Use of a single air segment to minimise dispersion and improve mixing in sequen...
Morais, Inês P. A.; Souto, M. Renata S.; Lopes, Teresa I. M. S.; Rangel, António O. S. S.In this work, we propose the use of an air segment in a sequential injection system to simultaneously improve the overlapping of the stacked zones and minimise dispersion. This strategy was developed for the determination of sulphate in natural and wastewaters. Barium chloride was used as a precipitating agent and the turbidity of the suspension formed was measured at 420 nm. Analysis was performed without samp...
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