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Expression and function of K(ATP) channels in normal and osteoarthritic human c...

ATP-sensitive potassium [K(ATP)] channels sense intracellular ATP/ADP levels, being essential components of a glucose-sensing apparatus in various cells that couples glucose metabolism, intracellular ATP/ADP levels and membrane potential. These channels are present in human chondrocytes, but their subunit composition and functions are unknown. This study aimed at elucidating the subunit composition of K(ATP) ch...

Expression and function of K(ATP) channels in normal and osteoarthritic human c...

Role of glucose as a modulator of anabolic and catabolic gene expression in nor...

Cartilage matrix homeostasis involves a dynamic balance between numerous signals that modulate chondrocyte functions. This study aimed at elucidating the role of the extracellular glucose concentration in modulating anabolic and catabolic gene expression in normal and osteoarthritic (OA) human chondrocytes and its ability to modify the gene expression responses induced by pro-anabolic stimuli, namely Transformi...

Cortical strut allografting in reconstructive orthopaedic surgery

Many approaches are used in the repair of skeletal defects in reconstructive orthopaedic surgery, and bone grafting is involved in virtually every procedure. Autografting remains the gold standard for replacing bone loss. However, the limited amount of bone that can be harvested and the morbidity associated with that procedure are major constraints to the clinical use of autografts. In contrast, bone allografts...

Expression and function of the insulin receptor in normal and osteoarthritic hu...

OBJECTIVE: Chondrocytes respond to insulin, but the presence and role of the specific high affinity insulin receptor (InsR) has never been demonstrated. This study determined whether human chondrocytes express the InsR and compared its abundance and function in normal and osteoarthritis (OA) human chondrocytes. DESIGN: Cartilage sections were immunostained for detection of the InsR. Non-proliferating chondrocy...

Screening of five essential oils for identification of potential inhibitors

Nuclear factor-kappaB is a key transcription factor activated by pro-inflammatory signals, like interleukin-1beta (IL-1), being required for the expression of many inflammatory and catabolic mediators, such as nitric oxide (NO), that play an important role in arthritic diseases. This work aimed at screening and identifying natural inhibitors of IL-induced NF-kappaB activation and NO production in human articula...

Cortical strut allografting in reconstructive orthopaedic surgery

Many approaches are used in the repair of skeletal defects in reconstructive orthopaedic surgery, and bone grafting is involved in virtually every procedure. Autografting remains the gold standard for replacing bone loss. However, the limited amount of bone that can be harvested and the morbidity associated with that procedure are major constraints to the clinical use of autografts. In contrast, bone allografts...

Aloenxertos criopreservados no tratamento de defeitos osteocartilagíneos

A reparação cirúrgica dos defeitos da cartilagem articular representa uma das situações mais difíceis de tratar em Ortopedia. Os aloenxertos osteocartilagíneos devem ser reservados para a reconstrução de defeitos significativos envolvendo cartilagem e osso (> 3 cm de diâmetro e 1 cm de profundidade), isto é, nas lesões demasiado extensas para serem corrigidas através de outras técnicas. Os aloenxertos osteocar...

Assessment of strategies to increase chondrocyte viability in cryopreserved hum...

OBJECTIVE: Allogeneic cartilage is used to repair damaged areas of articular cartilage, requiring the presence of living chondrocytes. So far, no preservation method can effectively meet that purpose. Identification of more effective cryoprotective agents (CPAs) can contribute to this goal. The aim of this study was to determine whether the glycosylated hydroquinone, arbutin, alone or in combination with low co...

Impaired glucose transporter-1 degradation and increased glucose transport and ...

INTRODUCTION: Disorders that affect glucose metabolism, namely diabetes mellitus (DM), may favor the development and/or progression of osteoarthritis (OA). Thus far, little is known regarding the ability of chondrocytes to adjust to variations in the extracellular glucose concentration, resulting from hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia episodes, and so, to avoid deleterious effects resulting from deprivation or int...