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Molecular aspects and comparative genomics of bacteriophage endolysins

Phages are recognized as the most abundant and diverse entities on the planet. Their diversity is predominantly determined by their dynamic adaptation capacities, when confronted with different selective pressures in an endless cycle of co-evolution with a widespread group of bacterial hosts. At the end of the infection cycle, progeny virions are confronted with a rigid cell wall that hinders their release into...

Controlled RNA contamination and degradation and its impact on qPCR gene expres...

RNA quality is of utmost importance to perform gene expression quantification by qPCR. The classical methods used to determine \RNA\ quality are based on electrophoresis and spectrophotometer assessment, namely A260/A280 and A260/A230 ratios. It was previously shown that due to the complex nature of Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms, \RNA\ extraction procedures could impact mRNA quality and thus accurate quan...

Complete genome sequence of the broad-host-range Paenibacillus larvae phage phi...

Paenibacillus larvae is a Gram-positive bacterium that causes American foulbrood, an important disease in apiculture. We report the first complete genome sequence of a P. larvae phage, phiIBB_Pl23, isolated from a hive in northern Portugal. This phage belongs to the family Siphoviridae.

Relationship between biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance in commensal i...

Staphylococcus epidermidis is a common bacterial coloniser of the normal human microflora and usually have a benign relationship with the host. For several years, S. epidermidis was regarded as a harmless commensal microorganism. However, this bacterium is now recognised as an opportunistic pathogen, representing a leading cause of healthcare-associated infections. The major recognised determinants in the patho...

Genomic characterization of the Staphylococcus epidermidis-specific bacteriopha...

Staphylococcus epidermidis is one of the most frequent causative agents of nosocomial infections, predominantly in patients with indwelling medical devices. This microrganism may form biofilms which are microbial structures very tolerant to the host immune defenses and to antibiotherapy. Therefore, studies are needed in order to develop effective methods for biofilm control. Currently, bacteriophages (phages) a...

Molecular and functional aspects of bacteriophage endolysins

Insights into phage endolysins

(Bacterio)phages are viruses that specifically infect bacteria, and thus are harmless to humans, animals, and plants. They are the most abundant microorganisms on the planet (estimated to be 1031 on Earth) in a ratio of 10 times more than bacteria (1). Consequently, even rare phage-induced events are frequent at the global level. Therefore, they have a staggering ecological impact on the bacterial population an...

Unraveling the insights into phage endolysin association

In view of the abundacy of phages (1), even rare phage-induced events are frequent at the global level. They have a staggering ecological impact on the bacterial population and in the evolution of bacterial genomic structure upon virus-host interactions, acting as agents in the recycling of organic matter and presenting a valuable tool in molecular biology and epidemiology. Th focus on genomic research have rev...

Efficacy studies of phage phiIBB-Sep1 against S. epidermidis cells under differ...

Staphylococcus epidermidis has recently become known as a usual cause of nosocomial infections, predominantly in patients with indwelling medical devices. Although, S. epidermidis infections only rarely develop into life-threatening diseases, they are very frequent and difficult to treat due to the ability of this bacterium to adhere to the surfaces of indwelling medical devices and form biofilms. When S. epide...

Can bacteriofages be effective in controlling harmful biofilms?

(Bacterio)phages are viruses that specifically infect bacteria, causing cell lysis and therefore can be considered a valuable strategy for bacterial control. Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of using phages to control bacterial biofilms. Phages are able to penetrate the extracellular matrnc and can cause up to 90% of biofilm mass reduction even in old biofilms. However phage action can be impaired...