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Pre-treatment of lignocellulosic biomass using ionic liquids: wheat straw fract...

This work is devoted to study pre-treatment methodologies of wheat straw with 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([emim][CH3COO]) and subsequent fractionation to cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The method developed and described here allows the separation into high purity carbohydrate and lignin fractions and permits an efficient IL recovery. A versatility of the established method was confirmed by the IL...

Ionic liquids as a tool for lignocellulosic biomass fractionation

Lignocellulosic biomass composes a diversity of feedstock raw materials representing an abundant and renewable carbon source. In majority lignocellulose is constituted by carbohydrate macromolecules, namely cellulose and hemicellulose, and by lignin, a polyphenilpropanoid macromolecule. Between these biomacromolecules, there are several covalent and non-covalent interactions defining an intricate, complex and r...

Ionic liquids’ cation and anion influence on aromatic amine solubility

he mutual solubility of aniline and a series of imidazolium based ionic liquids with bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide, chloride, dicyanamide, tetrafluoroborate, and hexafluorophospate anions were studied. The produced results show the potential in the new solvent systems which can be used in amine chemistry. The liquid–liquid equilibrium (LLE) and solid–liquid equilibrium (SLE) measurements were performed usin...

Pretreatment and fractionation of wheat straw using various ionic liquids

Pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass with ionic liquids (ILs) is a promising and challenging process for an alternative method of biomass processing. The present work emphasizes the examination of wheat straw pretreatment using ILs, namely, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogensulfate ([bmim][HSO4]), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium thiocyanate ([bmim]-[SCN]), and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide ([bmim][N(...

Novel pre-treatment and fractionation method for lignocellulosic biomass using ...

An efficient lignocellulosic biomass pre-treatment is a crucial step for the valorization of these kind of raw materials. Lignocellulosic biomass is a potentially valuable resource for transformation into biofuels and bio-based products. The use of ionic liquids as media for the biomass pre-treatment is an alternative method that follows the green chemistry concept. This work proposes a new methodology for wh...

Fractionation of wheat straw using ionics liquids as a tool of pre-treatment

The pre-treatment of lignocellulosic biomass with ILs is a promising and challenging process for an alternative method of biomass processing [1]. The high selectivity of ILs demonstrated to achieve a complete dissolution of all lignocellulosic components at mild conditions.

Utilization of capillary electrophoresis technique to analyse sugars in ionic l...

A tool for ontology instance matching

Tese de mestrado em Informática, apresentada à Universidade de Lisboa, através da Faculdade de Ciências, 2013 ; A Web Semântica pretende fornecer formatos comuns para caracterizar semanticamente os dados publicados na Web, melhorando a interoperabilidade e integração de dados. A iniciativa Linked Data visa ligar dados relacionados que não foram previamente ligados. As ontologias têm um papel fundamental nisso,...

Avaliação da degradação de vias férreas: caracterização do balastro com recurso...

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil – Ramo de Estruturas e Geotecnia ; Nas infraestruturas ferroviárias, o balastro tem um papel fundamental no funcionamento da via e na segurança que este proporciona aos utilizadores. Tendo em conta a grande importância que este elemento tem nos caminhos-de-ferro, é necessário a sua manutenção, prevenindo assim a degradação e contaminação. Para ava...

Entorno: experimentações e intervenções na vizinhança

Diante da proliferação de dispositivos tecnológicos voltados para a comunicação interpessoal e do crescimento das redes sociais, podemos afirmar que estamos mais conectados com o mundo e mais desligados do entorno? Partindo desse questionamento, a casa se apresentou como um espaço privilegiado para a construção de relações entre o lugar, o indivíduo que o habita e a coletividade que o rodeia. Assim, surgi...