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Optimização eficiente do ganho espectral de amplificadores de Raman com bombage...

We report the use of the Genetic Algorithm (GA) in the optimization of a distributed Raman amplifier spectralgain. The used methodology is based on the direct integrationof Raman propagation equations making use of the transfermatrix method, which ensue into a considerable reduction ofthe computation time. Pointing out an on/off Raman gain of10 dB, we develop a technique based in a combination of theGA with the...

All-optical routing with MZI-SOAs Switches

A router implementation based on OCDMA header recognition and MZI-SOA switching, allowing ps range packet switching capabilities is presented in this paper. Architecture results are presented. ; A router implementation based on OCDMA header recognition and MZI-SOA switching, allowing ps range packet switching capabilities is presented in this paper. Architecture results are presented.

Raman Amplifiers for Use in WDM Systems

In this paper Raman Amplifiers (RAs) for Wavelength Division Multiplexed (WDM) fiber optic systems are analysed. We start by explaining the physical principles of this kind of amplification are explained, and the principal characteristics and advantages of using these amplifiers are enumerated.The technique of multiple pumping (MP) is studied aiming to obtain broadband amplifiers w...

Wideband Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier System Design Limitations due to Cband Si...

In this paper we observe experimentally the effects of C-band pump light in the performances of an Lband Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA). An amplifier for C+L-bands in a parallel configuration of two EDFAs is designed, and the inherent implications in its application to optical fiber communications systems. A new configuration is presented for decreasing the signal gain depende...

Effects of α-tocopherol and ternatin antioxidants on morphology and activa...

The effects of α-tocopherol and ternatin on the morphology, activation, and growth of goat preantral follicles in vitro cultured, for one or five days, were evaluated. Ovarian fragments were immediately fixed (non-cultured control) or in vitro cultured for one or five days in Minimum Essential Medium (MEM) with or without α-tocopherol or ternatin supplementation, both at concentrations of 5, 10, or 15...

Algodão em consórcios agroecológicos.

2009

Intraventricular Lesion

Papel da angio-tomografia computorizada: na estenose carotídea

The polymorphism of the serotonin-2A receptor T102C is associated with age

Epidemiological investigations suggest that T102C polymorphism of gene 5-HT2A may be associated with mean life span because diseases and behaviors related to this polymorphism, such as schizophrenia, suicide, aggression, and addiction, may potentially shorten mean life span. A sample of 687 individuals without previous neuropsychiatric disease was genotyped and separated into 3 groups according to their gender ...

Extração não-letal de DNA em abelhas do gênero melipona.

2007