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Slagging and fouling during coal and biomass cofiring: chemical equilibrium mod...

A thermodynamic model was applied to foresee the occurrence of fouling, slagging, and bed agglomeration phenomena during fluidized bed monocombustion of three different types of biomass, namely straw pellets, olive cake, and wood pellets. The cocombustion effect in reducing the occurrence of deposits and agglomerates of blends of 5, 15, and 25% (wt.) biomass with coal was also assessed. Chemical fractionation w...

Biomass fly ashes as low-cost chemical agents for Pb removal from synthetic and...

The main aim of this work was to study the removal efficiency of Pb from synthetic and industrial wastewaters by using biomass fly ashes. The biomass fly ashes were produced in a biomass boiler of a pulp and paper industry. Three concentrations of Pb2+ were tested in the synthetic wastewater (1, 10 and 1000 mg Pb/L). Moreover, two different wastewaters were collected in an industrial wastewater treatment plant ...

Sorption of lead (Pb2+) from aqueous solutions using chars obtained in the pyro...

Carbonaceous solid products resulting from thermochemical processes (pyrolysis, gasification), commonly known as chars, are emerging as low-cost sorbents of metallic contaminants, being their effectiveness already demonstrated in several studies (Inyang et al., 2012; Fuente-Cuesta et al., 2012; Ko³odyñska et al., 2012; Quek and Balasubramanian, 2009; Devecia and Kar, 2013). Given the fact that the commercial v...

Uncertainty estimation to evaluate mass balances on a combustion system 

Mass balances of ash and potassium for a fluidized bed combustor were performed incorporating measurement uncertainties. The total output mass of ash or a chemical element should be equal to the mass in the input fuel; however, this is not often achieved. A realistic estimation of recovery uncertainty can support the reliability of a mass balance. Estimation of uncertainty helps to establish a reliable evaluati...

Evaluation of slagging and fouling tendency during biomass co-firing with coal ...

Over the last decades, several indices based on ash chemistry and ash fusibility have been used to predict the ash behaviour during coal combustion, namely, its tendency for slagging and fouling. However, due to the physicalechemical differences between coals and biomass, in this work only the applicability of an ash fusibility index (AFI) to the combustion and co-combustion of three types of biomass (straw pel...

Use of chemical fractionation to understand partitioning of biomass ash constit...

Three species of biomass origin (straw pellets, olive cake and wood pellets) and two coals from different countries (Coal Polish and Coal Colombian) have been studied to understand the fate of their ash forming matter during the combustion process and to investigate the influence of co-firing biomass with coal. Three different approaches to investigate the ash behaviour were employed: (1) chemical fractionation...

Characterization of chars produced in the co-pyrolysis of different wastes: dec...

The present work is devoted to the study of chars obtained in the co-pyrolysis of plastics, biomass and tyres wastes. The chars were extracted with several organic solvents in order to assess the more efficient in redicing the organic load of trhe chars and, therefore their toxicity. The ability of each selected extractant to remove toxic pollutants was evaluated by comparing the extracts yield and thoroughly ...

Chemical and bioassay fractionation of chars obtained in the co-pyrolysis of di...

The present work is devoted to the study chars obtained in the co-pyrolisis of plastics, biomass and tyres wastes. The composition of these chars is not yet well studied and only recent an attempt was made by the aithors to provide some information about the composition and risk assessment of these materials. The objectives of this work were to perform solvent extractions, using differents, in chars obtained i...

Chemical and ecotoxicological properties of ashes produced in the co-combustion...

Use of chemical fractionation to understand partitioning of biomass ash constit...