We analysed the influence of several enzymatic treatment processes using an alkaline cellulase enzyme from Bacillus spp. on the sorption properties of cotton fabrics. Although cellulases are commonly applied in detergent formulations due to their anti-redeposition and depilling benefits, determining the mechanism of action of alkaline cellulases on cotton fibres requires a deeper understanding of the morphology...
The ‘double function’ of laccase, from the ascomycete Myceliophthora, to depolymerise/polymerise lignin was studied in this work. A lignosulfonate (LS) compound was oxidised by enzymatic action and several techniques were applied to measure the polymeric changes obtained. This study was focused on the attachment level of the oxidised LS at the flax surface. RESULTS: Modified solutions were studied in terms of ...
Bleaching detergent formulations contain environmentally unfriendly bleaching agents (perborates and percarbonates), which cause aquatic eutrophication, although without these compounds detergents are much less efficient for the washing processes. In an effort to replace these compounds, in this study, hydrogen peroxide was generated as a bleaching compound by means of enzymatic reactions. Three different pathw...
Biological environmentally friendly concepts are emerging to replace chemical treatments of fabrics. In this work, a new process for the coloration of flax fabrics via enzymatic oxidation of natural flavonoids (morin, quercetin) has been developed. Laccase from Trametes hirsuta is able to react with flavonoids and polymerize them, resulting in a strongly colored polymeric solution which can be applied to the co...
Zorflex® activated carbon fibers (ACF), reference FM100 198B, are used before and after an oxidizing procedure with H3PO4 to study the adsorption of Pb2+. The point of zero charge was determined for the modified and unmodified fiber giving values of 2.3 and 4.3, respectively. After oxidizing the ACF, the fiber showed to have a greater Pb2+ adsorption capacity in comparison with the unmodified fiber, which is re...
Avaliaram-se os efeitos dos níveis de ácido linoléico na dieta de matrizes pesadas, de 27 a 40 semanas de idade, sobre o peso e composição dos ovos, porcentagem de eclosão, peso do pinto, porcentagem de saco vitelino em relação ao peso do pinto e composição de ácidos graxos da gema. Os tratamentos foram definidos pelo nível de ácido linoléico na dieta. O peso dos ovos e a composição de ácidos linoléico na gema ...
Compararam-se os efeitos da forma física da ração sobre a digestibilidade de nutrientes e o desempenho de frangos de corte. No primeiro experimento foram utilizadas 480 aves (machos) da linhagem Ross-308, de 1 a 42 dias de idade. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente ao acaso com três tratamentos (farelada, granulada e expandida-granulada), com oito repetições de 20 aves. No segundo, utilizaram-se 900 av...
The influence of weight classes (light, medium and heavy) of Ross chicks on performance and carcass yield and main cuts, was studied using a completely randomized design with six replicates of 30 males and 30 females each. The chicks were fed on the same diets during the growing period (1-43 days). The live weight, feed intake, feed:weight gain ratio, viability, carcass yield and main cuts (breast, whole leg, w...
Compararam-se os efeitos do tamanho da partícula e da forma física da ração sobre o desempenho, rendimento de carcaça e peso dos órgãos digestivos de frangos de corte. Foram utilizados 900 aves (machos) da linhagem Ross-308, de 1 a 47 dias de idade. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente ao acaso com arranjo fatorial 3×2 (três formas físicas - farelada, granulada e expandida-granulada - e dois tamanhos de...
Dois experimentos foram conduzidos com o objetivo de comparar os efeitos das moagens conjunta e separada dos ingredientes e das formas físicas da ração sobre o desempenho dos frangos de corte e sobre o peso dos órgãos digestivos. No primeiro experimento foram utilizadas 1200 aves da linhagem Avian Farms, de 1 a 43 dias de idade e no segundo, 256 aves da mesma linhagem, de 1 a 41 dias de idade. Os tratamentos co...
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