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Multitechnique investigation of extruded clay brick microstructure
Krakowiak, Konrad J.; Lourenço, Paulo B.; Ulm, F.J.Despite the omnipresence of clay brick as construction material since thousands of years, fundamental knowledge about the link between composition, microstructure and mechanical performance is still scarce. In this paper, we employ a variety of advanced techniques of experimental mechanics and material characterization for extruded clay brick for masonry, that range from Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) coupl...
Assessment of the mechanical microstructure of masonry clay brick by nanoindent...
Krakowiak, Konrad J.Tese de doutoramento em Engenharia Civil ; The work presented in this thesis aims to implement the recent advances in the material science into the field of structural clay products applied to masonry constructions. The experimental analysis carried out by the author is focused on the detailed description of the heterogeneous microstructure of the fired clay brick, as a function of its composition and processi...
Cathedral of Porto, Portugal : conservation works 2003-2008
Lourenço, Paulo B.; Ramos, Luís F.; Krakowiak, Konrad J.This paper presents selected works carried out at the Cathedral of Porto, Portugal, as a case study that challenges current recommendations for the conservation and restoration of architectural heritage. The historical information is briefly reviewed and the general conservation approach for the different works is addressed. Afterwards, the aspects regarding the strengthening of the towers, diagnosis of a chape...
The multi-scale approach of masonry, paradigm of clay brick
Krakowiak, Konrad J.; Lourenço, Paulo B.; Ulm, F. J.Recent progress in nanoscience and engineering allows advanced characterization of materials. This type of characterization includes investigations revealing the scale dependent microstructure and mechanical as well physical properties of each component incorporated in the heterogeneous material. Its applicability and efficiency is confirmed in the field of cement based materials where the paradigm of these mat...
Failure analysis of Monastery of Jerónimos, Lisbon : how to learn from sophisti...
Lourenço, Paulo B.; Krakowiak, Konrad J.; Fernandes, Francisco M.; Ramos, Luís F.Conservation and restoration of historical structures are still a challenge to modem practitioners even if significant research advances have occurred in the last decades. Significant advances have been made in non-destructive testing, mechanical characterization, tools for advanced numerical analysis, knowledge on traditional materials and techniques, and innovative materials and techniques. In the paper, Mona...
Modelling of masonry creep and damage
Henriques, J. Pina; Lourenço, Paulo B.; Krakowiak, Konrad J.The problems related to the analysis of ancient constructions are gigantic due to the difficulties in characterizing the geometry, the materials, the sequence of construction, the existing damage and the building processes. A difficult aspect in the repair and strengthening of existing structures is the long-term behaviour of masonry. Safety assessment has been greatly influenced by the collapse of monumental b...
Estabilidade das abóbadas da igreja do Mosteiro dos Jerónimos
Lourenço, Paulo B.; Krakowiak, Konrad J.Apresenta-se um estudo relativo à avaliação da segurança das abóbadas da Igreja do Mosteiro dos Jerónimos e revê-se um estudo anterior sobre o comportamento sísmico global do conjunto. Descrevem-se os modelos, as acções e os materiais adoptados na análise e discutem-se os resultados obtidos. Atendendo à informação limitada sobre as propriedades dos materiais e às condicionantes de uma análise deste tipo, face à...
Safety assessment of the Jerónimos church in Lisbon
Lourenço, Paulo B.; Krakowiak, Konrad J.Advanced (non-linear) analysis of historical constructions represents a key contribution for the understanding of the architectural heritage. The safety of a famous Portuguese church is addressed using two different finite element models for the nave and the transept. The complexity of the ornaments of the vaults calls for a mix of volume, curved shell and beam elements. A sensitivity study and a simplified buc...
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