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Planar LAAPDs: temperature dependence, performance, and application in low-ener...
Ludhova, L.; Amaro, F. D.; Antognini, A.; Biraben, F.; Cardoso, J. M. R.; Conde, C. A. N.; Covita, D. S.; Dax, A.; Dhawan, S.; Fernandes, L. M. P.An experiment measuring the 2S Lamb shift in muonic hydrogen ([mu]-p) was performed at the Paul Scherrer Institute, Switzerland. It required small and compact detectors for 1.9 keV X-rays (2P-1S transition) with an energy resolution around 25% at 2 keV, a time resolution better than 100 ns, a large solid angle coverage, and insensitivity to a 5 T magnetic field. We chose Large Area Avalanche Photodiodes (LAAPDs...
Application of large-area avalanche photodiodes to X-ray spectrometry of muonic...
Fernandes, L. M. P.; Antognini, A.; Boucher, M.; Conde, C. A. N.; Huot, O.; Knowles, P. E.; Kottmann, F.; Ludhova, L.; Mulhauser, F.; Pohl, R.Large-area avalanche photodiodes have been investigated as 1.9-keV X-ray detectors for the muonic hydrogen Lamb-shift experiment. We report experimental tests carried out for evaluation of the avalanche photodiode capabilities for X-ray detection in the intense radiation and low counting rate environment of experiments with muonic atoms. Several muonic atoms were used and it was shown that the electronic backgr...
Large area APDs for low energy X-ray detection in intense magnetic fields
Boucher, M.; Huot, O.; Knowles, P. E.; Ludhova, L.; Mulhauser, F.; Schaller, L. A.; Conde, C. A. N.; Santos, J. M. F. dos; Fernandes, L. M. P.An experiment to measure the energy difference between the 2S-2P atomic levels (Lamb shift) in muonic hydrogen is being prepared at PSI. Since the energy levels of muonic hydrogen are a factor of 186 more energetic than those of hydrogen, according to the ratio of reduced masses, the transitions lie in the soft X-ray region. The experiment needs long-lived muonic hydrogen in the 2S state. This is achieved by st...
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