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Interactions between Lactobacillus crispatus and bacterial vaginosis (BV)-Assoc...
Machado, A.; Jefferson, Kimberly K.; Cerca, NunoCertain anaerobic bacterial species tend to predominate the vaginal flora during bacterial vaginosis (BV), with Gardnerella vaginalis being the most common. However, the exact role of G. vaginalis in BV has not yet been determined. The main goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that G. vaginalis is an early colonizer, paving the way for intermediate (e.g., Fusobacterium nucleatum) and late colonizers (e...
Reciprocal interference between Lactobacillus spp. and Gardnerella vaginalis on...
Castro, J.; Henriques, A.; Machado, António; Henriques, Mariana; Jefferson, Kimberly K.; Cerca, NunoBacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common vaginal disorder in women of child-bearing age. It is widely accepted that the microbial switch from normal microflora to the flora commonly associated with BV is characterized by a decrease in vaginal colonization by specific Lactobacillus species together with an increase of G. vaginalis and other anaerobes. However, the order of events leading to the development of...
Quantitative analysis of initial adhesion of bacterial vaginosis-associated ana...
Machado, António; Salgueiro, Débora; Harwich, Michael; Jefferson, Kimberly K.; Cerca, NunoBacterial vaginosis is the leading vaginal disorder but the transition from health to this dysbiotic condition remains poorly characterized. Our goal was to quantify the ability of BV-associated anaerobes to adhere to epithelial cells in the presence of lactobacilli. Gardnerella vaginalis outcompeted Lactobacillus crispatus and Lactobacillus iners actually enhanced its adherence.
Functional analysis of virulence potential from Gardnerella vaginalis and other...
Castro, J.; Machado, António; Alves, P.; Sousa, Cármen; Cereija, Tatiana; França, Ângela; Jefferson, Kimberly K.; Cerca, NunoIn the past half century, bacterial vaginosis (BV) has been a controversial topic in medical microbiology, and despite the wealth of information on this topic, the etiological agent has not yet been definitively identified [1]. The first advances on BV pointed Gardnerella vaginalis as the infectious causative agent of BV [2] but soon after it was found that G. vaginalis was also present in healthy women [3]. Ad...
Quantitative analysis of initial adhesion of bacterial vaginosis anaerobes in M...
Machado, António; Salgueiro, Débora; Harwich, Michael; Jefferson, Kimberly K.; Cerca, NunoBacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common vaginal disorder in women of reproductive age [1]. Despite decades of research, the etiology of BV still remains elusive. It is well established that adhesion to host cells or tissues is a necessary early step in the establishment of infection [2]. Since it is often considered a polymicrobial condition, it has been proposed that some bacteria have a preponderant role...
Competitive initial adhesion between Lactobacillus spp. and Gardnerella vaginal...
Castro, J.; Machado, António; Henriques, A.; Henriques, Mariana; Jefferson, Kimberly K.; Cerca, NunoBacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common disorder in women of reproductive age. BV is characterized by the replacement of vaginal lactobacilli, such as Lactobacillus crispatus, by predominantly anaerobic microorganisms. However, Lactobacillus iners is frequently found in the BV. Gardnerella vaginalis, commonly associated with BV, can also be present in 50-95% of BV patients and in 20-30% of healthy women. The capac...
Molecular basis for preferential protective efficacy of antibodies directed to ...
Cerca, Nuno; Jefferson, Kimberly K.; Maira-Litrán, Tomas; Pier, Danielle B.; Kelly-Quintos, Casie; Goldmann, Donald A.; Azeredo, Joana; Pier, Gerald B.Poly-N-acetyl-glucosamine (PNAG) is a staphylococcal surface polysaccharide influencing biofilm formation that is also under investigation for its vaccine potential. Antibodies that bind to PNAG with either low (<15%) or high (>90%) levels of acetate are superior at opsonic and protective activity compared with antibodies that bind to PNAG with only high levels (>70%) of acetate. PNAG is synthesized by four pro...
Protection against Escherichia coli infection by antibody to the Staphylococcus...
Cerca, Nuno; Maira-Litrán, Tomas; Jefferson, Kimberly K.; Grout, Martha; Goldmann, Donald A.; Pier, Gerald B.Poly-N-acetylglucosamine (PNAG) is a surface polysaccharide produced by Staphylococcus aureus and Staphyloccus epidermidis and is an effective target for opsonic and protective Ab for these two organisms. Recently, it has been found that Escherichia coli produces an exo-polysaccharide, designated polyglucosamine, that is biochemically indistinguishable from PNAG. We analyzed 30 E. coli strains isolated from uri...
Comparative antibody-mediated phagocytosis of Staphylococcus epidermidis cells ...
Cerca, Nuno; Jefferson, Kimberly K.; Oliveira, Rosário; Pier, Gerald B.; Azeredo, JoanaStaphylococcus epidermidis is an important cause of nosocomial infections. Virulence is attributable to elaboration of biofilms on medical surfaces that protect the organisms from immune system clearance. Even though leukocytes can penetrate biofilms, they fail to phagocytose and kill bacteria. The properties that make biofilm bacteria resistant to the immune system are not well characterized. In order to bette...
Use of confocal laser scan microscopy (CLSM) to evaluate S. epidermidis biofilm...
Cerca, Nuno; Pier, Gerald B.; Jefferson, Kimberly K.; Oliveira, Rosário; Azeredo, JoanaStaphylococcus epidermidis is the major organism causing nosocomial infections associated with the formation of a biofilm on medical devices. The major constituent of S. epidermidis biofilm matrix is the polysaccharide PNAG, synthesized by the proteins encoded in the icaADBC locus. CLSM low energy lasers allows the observation of living cells, and its penetration ability renders detailed tridimensional images o...
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