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Voltammetric Oxidation of Drugs of Abuse II. Codeine and Metabolites
Garrido, J. M. P. J.; Delerue-Matos, C.; Borges, F.; Macedo, T. R. A.; Oliveira-Brett, A. M.The oxidation of codeine on glassy carbon electrodes has been studied in detail using differential pulse voltammetry. The results obtained using a glassy carbon electrode clearly show a much more complex oxidation mechanism than that previously reported when platinum and gold electrodes were used. To clarify the codeine oxidative profile, several metabolites and analogues of this alkaloid, codeine N-oxide, norc...
Voltammetric Oxidation of Drugs of Abuse I. Morphine and Metabolites
Garrido, J. M. P. J.; Delerue-Matos, C.; Borges, F.; Macedo, T. R. A.; Oliveira-Brett, A. M.A detailed study of the electrochemical oxidative behavior of morphine in aqueous solution is reported. Through the synthesis of several metabolites and derivatives, pseudomorphine, morphine N-oxide, normorphine, dihydromorphine and 2-(N,N-dimethylaminomethyl)morphine, and their voltammetric study it was possible to identify the oxidation peaks for morphine. The anodic waves are related with the oxidation of ph...
Voltammetric Oxidation of Drugs of Abuse III. Heroin and Metabolites
Garrido, J. M. P. J.; Delerue-Matos, C.; Borges, F.; Macedo, T. R. A.; Oliveira-Brett, A. M.The oxidative behavior of heroin in aqueous solution is reported. In order to identify its oxidation peaks, several metabolites, 6-monoacetylmorphine, 3-monoacetylmorphine and norheroin, were synthesized and their electrochemical behavior studied using differential pulse voltammetry. The anodic waves observed for heroin correspond to the oxidation of the tertiary amine group and its follow-up product (secondary...
Oxidative behaviour of apomorphine and its metabolites
Garrido, J. M. P. J.; Delerue-Matos, C.; Borges, M. F. M.; Macedo, T. R. A.; Oliveira-Brett, A. M.The metabolism of apomorphine is quite complex due to interactions with proteins and other tissue components that affect its pharmacokinetic profile. The electrochemical oxidation mechanism of apomorphine and of some synthesised apomorphine derivatives was studied. It was found to be related to the reaction of o-diphenol and tertiary amine groups and strongly dependent on pH. ; http://www.sciencedirect.com/s...
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