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Induction of somatic embryogenesis as an example of stress-related plant reactions
Zavattieri, Maria Amely; Frederico, António Miguel; Lima, Mónica; Sabino, Rui; Arnholdt-Schmitt, BirgitIn this review, we address the role of stress as one of the principal causes for a cell or tissue to change its preexisting somatic program, reprogramming itself to express the embryogenic pathway. The focus of this paper is the effect of different stress conditions on the induction phase of plant somatic embryogenesis, as well as the development of embryogenic competence as a result of the applied stresses. We...
The gymnosperm Pinus pinea contains both AOX gene subfamilies, AOX1and AOX2
Frederico, António Miguel; Zavattieri, Maria Amely; Campos, Maria Doroteia; Cardoso, Hélia Guerra; McDonald, Allison E.; Arnholdt-Schmitt, BirgitThe gymnosperm Pinus pinea L. (stone pine) is a typical Mediterranean pine used for nuts and timber production,and as an ornamental around the world. Pine genomes are large in comparison to other species. The hypothesis that retrotransposons, such as gymny, made a large contribution to this alteration in genome size was recently confirmed. However, P. pinea is unique in other various aspects. P. pinea demonstra...
Differential expression and co-regulation of carrot AOX genes (Daucus carota)
Campos, Maria Doroteia; Cardoso, Hélia Guerra; Linke, Bettina; Costa, José Hélio; Fernandes de Melo, Dirce; Justo, Lígia; Frederico, António MiguelAlternative oxidase (AOX) is a mitochondrial protein encoded by the nuclear genome. In higher plants AOX genes form a small multigene family mostly consisting of the two subfamilies AOX1 and AOX2. Daucus carota L. is characterized by a unique extension pattern of AOX genes. Different from other plant species studied so far it contains two genes in both subfamilies. Therefore, carrot was recently highlighted as ...
Alternative oxidase involvement in Daucus carota somatic embryogenesis
Frederico, António Miguel; Campos, Maria Doroteia; Cardoso, Hélia Guerra; Imani, Jafargholi; Arnholdt-Schmitt, BirgitPlant alternative oxidase (AOX) is a mitochondrial inner membrane enzyme involved in alternative respiration.The critical importance of the enzyme during acclimation upon stress of plant cells is not fully understood and is still an issue of intensive research and discussion. Recently, a role of AOX was suggested for the ability of plant cells to change easily its fate upon stress. In order to get new insights ...
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