This paper investigates the relationship between intra-industry trade (IIT), horizontal IIT, vertical IIT (VIIT) and immigration flows using a gravity model for the period 1995-2008 amongst Portugal and European Union’s Member States (EU-27). Using a panel data approach, the results show a positive correlation between immigration and IIT. These outcomes indicate that the immigration can reduce transaction costs...
The goal of this study is to provide empirical evidence for existence of positive relationship between urbanization and democracy. We involve a dataset of 56 developing countries covering a time span between 1982 and 2007. The research hypothesis is that developing countries tend to be more democratic at higher levels of urbanization. We test this hypothesis within GMM methodological framework and find some evi...
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