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Immigration and trade
Leitão, Nuno Carlos; Dima, Bogdan; Dima, StefanaThis paper investigates the relationship between intra-industry trade (IIT), horizontal IIT, vertical IIT (VIIT) and immigration flows using a gravity model for the period 1995-2008 amongst Portugal and European Union’s Member States (EU-27). Using a panel data approach, the results show a positive correlation between immigration and IIT. These outcomes indicate that the immigration can reduce transaction costs...
The environment effects and intra-industry trade
Leitão, Nuno Carlos; Dima, Bogdan; Stefana, Dima CristeaThe present article analyses the United States environmental impact on agriculture intra-industry trade (IIT). The results indicate there is a negative correlation between carbon dioxide emissions and industry trade. According to the literature, i.e. this type of trade uses less pollution technology. In addition, we have found that emissions increase with the level of production. The economic size has a positiv...
Urbanization and democracy in the framework of modernization theory:recent empi...
Dima, Bogdan; Leitão, Nuno Carlos; Dima, StefanaThe goal of this study is to provide empirical evidence for existence of positive relationship between urbanization and democracy. We involve a dataset of 56 developing countries covering a time span between 1982 and 2007. The research hypothesis is that developing countries tend to be more democratic at higher levels of urbanization. We test this hypothesis within GMM methodological framework and find some evi...
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