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nfluence of long-term wearing of unstable shoes on compensatory control of post...

Purpose: This study investigated the influence of long-term wearing of unstable shoes (WUS) on compensatory postural adjustments (CPA) to an external perturbation. Methods: Participants were divided into two groups: one wore unstable shoes while the other wore conventional shoes for 8 weeks. The ground reaction force signal was used to calculate the anterior-posterior (AP) displacement of the centre of pressure...

The role of unstable shoe constructions for the improvement of postural control

Postural control has been defined as the control of the body’s position in space for the purposes of balance and orientation. Given the mechanical instability of the human body system, the neural process involved in stability organization and body orientation in space is necessary almost all motor actions. To manage movement variability, the postural control system presents a high adaptability in response...

Activation timing of soleus and tibialis anterior muscles during sit-to-stand a...

Introduction. Sit-to-stand (SitTS) and stand-to-sit (StandTS) are very important functional tasks that become compromised in stroke patients. As in other voluntary movements, they require an adequate postural control (PC) involving the generation of anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs). In order to give clues for more efficient and directed rehabilitation programs, a deeper knowledge about APAs during chall...

Computational tools for signal processing of human gait

Influence of wearing an unstable shoe construction on compensatory control of p...

This study investigated the influence of wearing unstable shoe construction (WUS) on compensatory postural adjustments (CPA) associated with external perturbations. Thirty two subjects stood on a force platform resisting an anterior-posterior horizontal force applied to a pelvic belt via a cable, which was suddenly released, under two conditions: barefoot and WUS. The electromyographic (EMG) activity of gastroc...

Interlimb coordination during the stance phase of gait in subjects with stroke

Objective: To analyse the relation between contralesional and ipsilesional limbs in subjects with stroke during step-to-step transition of walking. Design: Observational, transversal, analytical study with a convenience sample. Setting: Patients from a physical medicine and rehabilitation clinic in Portugal (Braga). Participants: Sixteen subjects with post-stroke hemiparesis with the ability to walk independent...

Soleus Activity in post-Stroke Subjects: Movement Sequence from Standing to Sit...

Introduction. The beginning of the movement sequence from standing to sitting requires the modulation of plantar flexors activity, including the soleus muscle (SOL), to allow the forward translation of the tibia in relation to the foot, preserving its antigravity function. Purpose. To analyze the SOL activity during the initial phase of standing to sitting in stroke subjects. Methods. Two groups of ten subjec...

Ankle dynamic in stroke patients: Agonist vs. antagonist muscle relations

Introduction: Atypical ankle patterns of muscle activity during gait are commonly reported in patients with stroke. These findings can be due to changes between tibialis anterior (TA) and soleus (SOL) coactivation mechanisms. Objective: To compare the electromyographic activity (EMGa) of SOL and TA muscles and antagonist coactivation (C) level in the contralateral (CONTRA) and ipsilateral (IPSI) limbs to the si...

Surface electromyographic amplitude normalization methods: A review

The electromyogram is the summation of the motor unit action potentials occurring during contraction measured at a given electrode location. The voltage potential of the surface electromyographic signal detected by electrodes strongly depends on several factors, varying between individuals and also over time within an individual. Thus, the amplitude of the EMG signal itself is not useful in group comparisons, o...

Biomechanical and neurophysiological mechanisms related to postural control and...

Understanding postural control requires considering various mechanisms underlying a person´s ability to stand, to walk and to interact with the environment safely and efficiently. The purpose of this paper is to summarise the functional relation between biomechanical and neurophysiological perspectives related to postural control in both standing and walking based on movement efficiency. Evidence related t...