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Nonionic surfactants and dispersants for biopolishing and stonewashing with Hyp...

Cellulases are widely applied in textile finishing, such as for the removal of protruding surface fibrils to reduce pilling propensity and to achieve the worn-out look in denim garments. The main drawback of enzymatic denim processing is the back-staining of indigo, which reduces the desired blue–white contrast. Alongside an accurate selection of the type of cellulase or vigorous post-washing of the garments, t...

Protein interactions in enzymatic processes in textiles

Enzymes are the catalysts of all reactions in living systems. These reactions are catalysed in the active sites of globular proteins. The proteins are composed by amino acids with a variety of side chains ranging from non-polar aliphatic and aromatic to acidic, basic and neutral polar. This fact allows to a globular 3D protein to create in the active site all ranges of microenvironments for catalysis. Major adv...

Reduction of indigo backstaining by post-washing

The undesired redeposition of indigo during the enzymatic ageing of denim garments with cellulases is a problem widely known in industrial laundries. Today, the usual procedure carried out to reduce the undesired side-effect is post-washing, but so far little information can be found in literature about efficient methods to achieve a maximum blue-white contrast in denim garments. This article deals with the pos...

Indigo-cellulase interactions

We have studied the affinity of cellulases from different fungal origins for insoluble indigo dye. Adsorption studies have shown that "acid cellulases" from Trichoderma reesei have a higher affinity for indigo dye than "neutral cellulases" of Humicola insolens. The particle size of indigo dye agglomerates is influenced by cellulase origin and concentra tion. Evidence shows that the nonpolar residues present in ...

Influence of cellulases on indigo backstaining

We have found that increasing concentrations of fungal cellulases on a fabric decrease indigo staining levels. Deletion of the cellulose binding domains (CBD) from either bacterial or fungal cellulases decreases indigo staining levels and generally causes less backstaining than the entire enzyme. Increasing the concentration of cellulases with a CBD of family I on fabric decreases indigo staining, whereas incre...

Interactions of cotton with CBD peptides

Effects of temperature on the cellulose binding ability of cellulase enzymes