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To be or not to be a compatible solute: Bioversatility of mannosylglycerate and...
Empadinhas, Nuno; Costa, Milton S. daMannosylglycerate (MG) is an intracellular organic solute found in some red algae, and several thermophilic bacteria and hyperthermophilic archaea. Glucosylglycerate (GG) was identified at the reducing end of a polysaccharide from mycobacteria and in a free form in a very few mesophilic bacteria and halophilic archaea. MG has a genuine role in the osmoadaptation and possibly in thermal protection of many hyper/...
Bacillus isabeliae sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium isolated from a sea salt ev...
Albuquerque, Luciana; Tiago, Igor; Taborda, Marco; Nobre, M. Fernanda; Veríssimo, António; Costa, Milton S. daA low-G+C, Gram-positive isolate, designated strain CVS-8(T), was isolated from a sea salt evaporation pond on the Island of Sal in the Cape Verde Archipelago. This organism was found to be a catalase- and oxidase-positive, non-motile, spore-forming, aerobic, curved rod-shaped organism with an optimum growth temperature of about 35-37 degrees C and an optimum pH between 7.5 and 8.0. Optimal growth occurred in m...
A new lineage of halophilic, wall-less, contractile bacteria from a brine-fille...
Antunes, André; Rainey, Fred A.; Wanner, Gerhard; Taborda, Marco; Pätzold, Jürgen; Nobre, M. Fernanda; Costa, Milton S. da; Huber, RobertA novel strictly anaerobic bacterium designated strain SSD-17B(T) was isolated from the hypersaline brine-sediment interface of the Shaban Deep, Red Sea. Cells were pleomorphic but usually consisted of a central coccoid body with one or two "tentacle-like" protrusions. These protrusions actively alternated between a straight, relaxed form and a contracted, corkscrew-like one. A peptidoglycan layer was not detec...
Propionicicella superfundia gen. nov., sp. nov., a chlorosolvent-tolerant propi...
Bae, Hee-Sung; Moe, William M.; Yan, Jun; Tiago, Igor; Costa, Milton S. da; Rainey, Fred A.A novel strain, designated as BL-10T, was characterized using a polyphasic approach after isolation from groundwater contaminated by a mixture of chlorosolvents that included 1,1,2-trichloroethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, and vinyl chloride. Stain BL-10T is a facultatively anaerobic bacterium able to ferment glucose to form propionate, acetate, formate, lactate, and succinate. Fermentation occurred in the presence ...
Diversity and biosynthesis of compatible solutes in hyper/thermophiles
Empadinhas, Nuno; Costa, Milton S. daThe accumulation of compatible solutes, either by uptake from the medium or by de novo synthesis, is a general response of microorganisms to osmotic stress. The diversity of compatible solutes is large but falls into a few major chemical categories, such as carbohydrates or their derivatives and amino acids or their derivatives. This review deals with compatible solutes found in thermophilic or hyperthermophili...
Trehalose biosynthesis in Thermus thermophilus RQ-1: biochemical properties of ...
Silva, Zélia; Alarico, Susana; Costa, Milton S. daThe genes for trehalose synthesis in Thermus thermophilus RQ-1, namely otsA [trehalose-phosphate synthase (TPS)], otsB [trehalose-phosphate phosphatase (TPP)], and treS [trehalose synthase (maltose converting) (TreS)] genes are structurally linked. The TPS/TPP pathway plays a role in osmoadaptation, since mutants unable to synthesize trehalose via this pathway were less osmotolerant, in trehalose-deprived mediu...
Compatible solutes of organisms that live in hot saline environments
Santos, Helena; Costa, Milton S. daThe accumulation of organic solutes is a prerequisite for osmotic adjustment of all microorganisms. Thermophilic and hyperthermophilic organisms generally accumulate very unusual compatible solutes namely, di-myo-inositol-phosphate, di-mannosyl-di-myo-inositol-phosphate, di-glycerol-phosphate, mannosylglycerate and mannosylglyceramide, which have not been identified in bacteria or archaea that grow at low and ...
Homeostasis of the membrane proton permeability in Bacillus subtilis grown at d...
van de Vossenberg, Jack L. C. M.; Driessen, Arnold J. M.; Costa, Milton S. da; Konings, Wil N.Bacillus subtilis was grown at its growth temperature limits and at various temperatures in between the lower and upper growth temperature boundary. Liposomes were made of the extracted membrane lipids derived from these cells. The headgroup composition of the cytoplasmic membrane lipids did not differ significantly at the lower (13°C) and upper (50°C) temperature boundary. The averaged lipid acyl chain length,...
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