The impact of ELM activity and density limit disruptions on the plasma density as well as the use of reflectometry for plasma position and shape control are discussed here. Fast density measurements allow the definition of three characteristic phases of the ELM: precursor, collapse and recovery. At the precursor phase low frequency oscillations starting approximately 3 ms prior to the ELM collapse are observed ...
Tokamak major density limit disruptions are usually preceded by a m/n=2/1 tearing mode, that may or may not lock to the vessel wall. The complete destruction of energy confinement in these major disruptions is known to have a characteristic m/n=1/1 form. Initially only a small degradation of the confinement occurs, as is observed by the slow increase of the electron temperature at the plasma edge. But at some ...
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