Formal verification of side-channel countermeasures using self-composition

• Author(s): Almeida, José Bacelar ; Barbosa, Manuel ; Pinto, Jorge Sousa ; Vieira, Bárbara
• Date: 2013
• Persistent ID: http://hdl.handle.net/1822/26363
• Origin: RepositóriUM - Universidade do Minho
• Subject(s): Cryptographic algorithms; Program verification; Program equivalence; Self-composition; Side-channel countermeasures
• Document Type: Article
• Language: English

Description

Formal verification of cryptographic software implementations poses significant challenges for off-the-shelf tools. This is due to the domain-specific characteristics of the code, involving aggressive optimizations and non-functional security requirements, namely the critical aspect of countermeasures against side-channel attacks. In this paper, we extend previous results supporting the practicality of self-composition proofs of non-interference and generalizations thereof. We tackle the formal verification of high-level security policies adopted in the implementation of the recently proposed NaCl cryptographic library. We formalize these policies and propose a formal verification approach based on self-composition, extending the range of security policies that could previously be handled using this technique. We demonstrate our results by addressing compliance with the NaCl security policies in real-world cryptographic code, highlighting the potential for automation of our techniques.